A Survey of Weak Instruments and Weak Identification in Generalized Method of Moments
نویسندگان
چکیده
Weak instruments arise when the instruments in linear instrumental variables (IV) regression are weakly correlated with the included endogenous variables. In generalized method of moments (GMM), more generally, weak instruments correspond to weak identification of some or all of the unknown parameters. Weak identification leads to GMM statistics with nonnormal distributions, even in large samples, so that conventional IV or GMM inferences are misleading. Fortunately, various procedures are now available for detecting and handling weak instruments in the linear IV model and, to a lesser degree, in nonlinear GMM.
منابع مشابه
Generalized Ritt type and generalized Ritt weak type connected growth properties of entire functions represented by vector valued Dirichlet series
In this paper, we introduce the idea of generalized Ritt type and generalised Ritt weak type of entire functions represented by a vector valued Dirichlet series. Hence, we study some growth properties of two entire functions represented by a vector valued Dirichlet series on the basis of generalized Ritt type and generalised Ritt weak type.
متن کاملOn $F$-Weak Contraction of Generalized Multivalued Integral Type Mappings with $alpha $-admissible
The purpose of this work is to investigate the existence of fixed points of some mappings in fixed point theory by combining some important concepts which are F-weak contractions, multivalued mappings, integral transformations and α-admissible mappings. In fixed point theory, it is important to find fixed points of some classess under F- or F-weak contractions. Also multivalued mappings is the ...
متن کاملقاعدهی گسترش یافته تیلور: مطالعه موردی ایران 86-1357
The ultimate goals of the monetary policy are price stability and the output growth. Monetary policy instruments are interest rate and the growth rate of monetary base. One of the well-known rules in conducting monetary policy is Taylor rule, through which, central banks change the interest rate while taking into account the output and inflation distortions. There are two problems with applyi...
متن کاملFixed points of weak $psi$-quasi contractions in generalized metric spaces
In this paper, we introduce the notion of weak $psi$-quasi contraction in generalized metric spaces and using this notion we obtain conditions for the existence of fixed points of a self map in $D$-complete generalized metric spaces. We deduce some corollaries from our result and provide examples in support of our main result.
متن کاملCommon best proximity points for $(psi-phi)$-generalized weak proximal contraction type mappings
In this paper, we introduce a pair of generalized proximal contraction mappings and prove the existence of a unique best proximity point for such mappings in a complete metric space. We provide examples to illustrate our result. Our result extends some of the results in the literature.
متن کامل